Kathleen Dunphy
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Plein Air vs. Studio: Finding the Balance

During a recent interview for an upcoming article, I was told by the interviewer that he has seen a trend by several well-known plein air artists toward painting less frequently out on location and spending more time in the studio, relying on memory, photos, and imagination to complete their paintings. He asked if this were the case for me. Although each of us has to find our own way through our art careers and the artists he mentioned are doing beautiful work, the answer for me couldn't be farther in the opposite direction.

I require time outside. When I first started painting in Alaska in the late 90's, I was doing mostly colored pencil dog portraits and still life drawing and paintings. I remember working as fast as I could to finish up in the afternoon, watching the clock anxiously, hoping to get done and get outside before dark (sometimes a great challenge in the short days of an Alaskan winter!). Time outside hiking, skiing, running, or just puttering around rejuvenated me, cleared my head and made me happy. When we moved back to California and I began attending the Academy of Art University in San Francisco in 2000, I was introduced to plein air painting and realized that I could combine my two loves: being outdoors and painting. What a concept! I was hooked immediately.

But even though my first attraction to plein air was that I could work outside, I later came to realize the myriad benefits of direct observation. As I stated in my last post, nothing can compare to being in the landscape that you're painting. The sounds, smells, and feel of an area are somehow transferred through the artist and onto the canvas. Colors are truer and so much more complex in real life than in a photograph.  There is a communion with a higher source - God, Nature, the Creator, whatever you want to call it - that happens for me when I'm out there.  On the days when the stars are aligned and the paintings work, it's such a high to capture that moment on canvas and preserve that slice of time. Of course, not every day outside is a perfect experience that yields a successful painting; in fact, the vast majority of my plein air studies never go further than the burn pile. But the education and stimulation that comes from being outside is integral to my development as an artist.

All that said, yes, I do paint in the studio and yes, I do enjoy it. With a plein air painting, I only have a relatively short period of time to paint before the light has changed. So often I get frustrated and wish I could develop the painting further, or I wish I had designed the painting differently, or I want to add animals to the scene that won't stay still long enough to paint them on location. That's when I head to the studio. It's an entirely different discipline for me, one that is much slower-paced and more analytical. Outside, I react to the scene, trying to convey the emotion of the moment. Indoors, I use my intellect (and all the finer points they taught us in art school!) to construct my painting. I always strive to have the excitement of the study come through in the studio paintings, and my best work is a balance of both emotion and reason.

Right now, I'm in the studio looking at a study I painted two days ago on the Mokelumne River. It's a relatively simple-looking  scene of rocks in the water, but the infinite amount of subtle information that was in front of me was mind-boggling. I spent two hours observing and painting....and listening to the water and the birds and the wind in the trees. I looked at the photos that I took that day, and I don't hear anything. But when I see that painting, I hear birdsong  and the sound of water tumbling over rapids. The trick now, as I take out a larger canvas and start on my next studio piece, will be to make that music indoors.



Comments

10 Responses to Plein Air vs. Studio: Finding the Balance

Kathleen, This is so refreshing. I have seen this trend lately of the "plein
air " painting as a fad. I so agree being outside painting or observing is absolutely necessary to know your subject. It all goes in to the mental assimilation of knowing your subject. I have travelled to Africa, Alaska, the Hudson Bay just to observe and know my subject. But, just the fact that is was painted en plain air does not make it a good painting and I think that is what some artists miss. Just my humble opinion.

Thanks for taking the time to comment, Linda. And for giving me the idea for my next post "Just Because It's Plein Air Doesn't Mean It's Good"! I totally agree with you on that point. A painting is only good if it moves the viewer, regardless of where it was painted.

Good thoughts, Kathleen. I, too, came to plein air painting because of my love of the outdoors. I paint a bit more in the studio than I used to, mostly because of wanting to address some issues that one doesn't have time for outdoors (design, playing with color schemes and the like.) But for me, the studio has its own problem - the difficulty of generating the same energy that I feel when outdoors. I can continue to develop something I started outdoors, but when it comes to starting something in the studio, it's much harder.

What a refreshing blog, Katleen. The light, colors, temperature, sounds and smells in the field cannot be recreated in my studio...but, I DO relive them in my mind, like you do, when I look at a study or an unfinished piece.

Anyone that thinks that Plein Air is a passing "fad" is not very knowledgeable about art history. They might want to start reading about some of the famous artists of the past who spent years painting Plein Air. I personally have been fostering Plein Air painting in the Central Ohio area for about 50 years. We have one of the most active Plein Air organization in the U. S. right here in the Columbus area. Central Ohio Plein Air is an organization of a little less than 100 artists that paint EVERY week year round, at least once a week. I also belong to PAF (Plein Air Florida) which is more than like the busiest if not the largest group of plein air artists in the U. S.
We also paint in the studio when the weather is really bad out. Anyone in the U.S. is invited to paint with us anytime.
www.centralohiopleinair.com
Bill Westerman

Kathleen:

Your article really resonated with me. I was out painting yesterday in 28 degree weather with my plein air group when the snow came in. All of us kept painting - listening to the wind, watching the snow, the skies turning to a grayish mauve color. We had a guest artist with us, Lorenzo Chavez, who talked about what a different animal it is to paint outside versus indoors. You are right on when you talk about how difficult it is to re-connect to the same energy that you experience in the outdoors. Frozen fingers or not - it is not the same when painting in the studio.

Thanks for your comments, everyone! Michael: yes starting a painting in the studio can be really hard, especially if you're trying to just copy a plein air study into a larger format. I find it's much easier for me to just see this as a whole other painting with a new set of problems to solve, one that is inspired by the plein air piece but not a slave to it. That seems to keep me engaged and excited about painting. Bill G: it's funny how I can recall every single detail of the day when I look at one of my plein air pieces and the same just doesn't happen when I look at my photos! Bill W: Sounds like you have a wonderful group of dedicated painters! I'll keep that in mind next time I'm in Ohio. Karin: Lorenzo is an amazing painter and you're fortunate to paint with him! I love painting in inclement conditions--I paint faster and cut to the chase without too much time to second-guess myself. And that hot cup of coffee in the studio tastes that much better after you've worked so hard for it!

Love this blog Kathleen!!

Thank you again.

I am new to oil painting and plein air painting. I am enjoying your blog and inspirational thoughts and ideas. I have taken 8 workshops and read constantly, but as I keep hearing from every source...nothing beats mileage in plein air. I live in Virginia which has a mixed bag of weather but your blog on the snow has me feeling like a sissy. I vow to get out more now.

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